What does the term "properties (props)" refer to in stagecraft?

The term "properties (props)" in stagecraft specifically refers to items that actors handle or interact with during performances. These can include a wide variety of objects, such as furniture, weapons, hand-held items, and any other objects that are necessary for the performance of the play or scene. Props help to create the realism of the performance and can be instrumental in storytelling by providing context about the characters and their actions.

In contrast, the other options refer to different aspects of stagecraft. Set pieces create the environmental backdrop and structure of the stage but do not refer to items handled by actors. Lighting equipment, while essential for illuminating the performance and creating mood, does not fall under the category of props since it is not something the actors directly use. Costumes are worn by actors to depict their characters and are also not classified as props, as they serve a different purpose in the overall production. Understanding these distinctions helps to clarify the specific function that props serve in theater.