What does a compressor do in sound engineering?

In sound engineering, a compressor plays a crucial role in controlling the dynamic range of audio signals. It effectively reduces the volume range of a sound source, which means it lowers the volume of the loudest parts while raising the softer parts. This process helps to ensure that the audio remains consistent and balanced, making it easier to mix with other sounds without becoming overpowering or too faint.

By managing dynamics, compressors can enhance the clarity of sound and make recordings sound more polished. They are particularly useful in live sound and recorded audio settings, where fluctuations in volume can disrupt the listening experience. This ability to compress the audio range allows for a more uniform sound, which is essential in both music production and sound reinforcement applications.

The other options do not accurately describe the primary function of a compressor. For instance, amplifying all sounds equally would not provide the level control that a compressor offers and would likely lead to distortion. Creating sound effects generally involves other tools and processes, and converting audio formats is a function of different equipment, such as audio interfaces or converters, rather than a compressor.